| COMMAND | USE |
| nslookup | query DNS for host/domain information |
| <CTRL>-r | search backwards through command history (bash) |
| lynx | textual html browser |
| killall [process name] | kill process by name (similiar to kill) |
| ps -aux | process status |
| grep -Rai [string] | search for the existance of [string] in all non-binary files (-a), case insensative (i), recursive through all directories (R) |
| ps -aux | grep -i [process] | pipe process results to grep to find [process] |
| mpage | powerful print to printer command |
| lpr | standard print to printer command |
| lpq | show jobs in the print queue |
| lpd | start the print daemon |
| ldconfig | determines runtime bindings |
| ![command] | recalls and runs the latest [command] |
| tail -f | like tail, but keeps updating |
| ln -s | symlink |
| <CTRL>-c | standard interrupt |
| less [file] then type SHIFT-f | waits for data |
| netstat -rn | shows network status |
| df | diskspace |
| whois | domain name directory service |
| wc -l [file] | line count of [file] (word count with -l switch) |
| mount -tmsdos /dev/fd0 floppy | read a dos formatted floppy |
| tar -zxvf [file] | extrct a tape archive file |
| w | see who's logged in and what they are doing |
| route [add|delete] | manually manipulate routing tables |
| <CTRL>-w, <CTRL-u> on some terminals | erase a partially entered password |
| press any key upon startup, type boot -s, type mount -a | single user mode |
| find -mtime 24 | finds all files modified within 24 days |
| ls -la `locate filename` | printout info on located files |
| host [machine.box.net] | look up host names using DNS |
| <CTRL-a> | go to the beginning of a command line |
| <CTRL-u>, <CTRL-e> | go to the end of a command line |
| chpass | change user information |
| /etc/services | check for port assignments |
| sort | sort lines of text files |
| uniq | report or filter out repeated lines in a file |
| gunzip file.tgz; tar -xf file.tar | unarchive compressed and archived files |
| strings [file] | prints the printable strings in a file |
| ipcs | check shared memory and semaphores |
| ircrm | remove a shared memory |
| -- | when placed in a command line statement, says 'no more switches after here' |
| './-c' | specifies the file named -c in a command line statement |
| du -sk * | displays how much memory is taken up by everything in * |
| tar -cpf - directory | ssh -l login remote.host "(cd /path/to/remote_directory && tar -xpf -)" | Moves a directory from one machine to another |
| gzip < /path/to/log > log.gz; echo -n > /path/to/log | A good way to archive log files |
| split -l line-number-to-split-on file prefix | Splits a file on each number |
| iostat -c 20 | display kernal I/O stats on terminal, device and cpu operations (count 20) |
| /var/spool/mqueue | Where to check for spooled emails |
| crontab -l, crontab -e | list, edit crontab entries; but shouldn't be done this way |